LEGAL AND STATUTORY FRAMEWORK FOR VENTURE CAPITAL BUSINESS IN NIGERIA AND THE NIGERIAN START-UP ECOSYSTEM

Introduction:

A venture capital firm is an established entity that strategically allocates funds to invest in and provide guidance to emerging, nascent, and advancing businesses. This integral function positions venture capital as a critical catalyst in nurturing ingenuity, incubating entrepreneurial endeavours, and propelling the economic landscape forward within Nigeria. Notably, the realm of venture capital has experienced substantial expansion in recent times, marked by a surge of investors focused on e-commerce ventures and a burgeoning influx of startups entering the marketplace.

Legal Framework:

Setting up and operating a venture capital firm in Nigeria involves adherence to various legal and regulatory frameworks to ensure compliance, investor protection, and smooth operations. Here are some primary and secondary laws governing venture capital firm setup and operation in Nigeria:

1.    Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020

2.    Investment and Securities Act

3.    Securities and Exchange Commission Rules

4.    Venture Capital Incentives Act

5.    Foreign Exchange (Monitoring and Miscellaneous) Act

6.    Nigerian Startup Act

7.    Nigeria Investment Promotion Commission Act

1.    Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020: Venture capital firms are typically registered as private limited liability companies under the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) in Nigeria. However, in recent times these firms can now be registered as limited liability partnerships (LLP). The registration process involves selecting a unique business name, drafting the memorandum and articles of association, and obtaining the necessary approvals from the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) which is the regulatory body charged with the implementation of provisions of the CAMA.

Central to the Nigerian venture capital landscape is the CAMA which stands as the linchpin, furnishing the legal groundwork for incorporating and administering venture capital firms. CAMA delineates the duties and obligations of various stakeholders, cultivating a well-ordered and transparent environment tailored to startups seeking capital infusion. This legislative framework underpins the growth of the venture capital ecosystem, providing a secure avenue for startups to seek investment opportunities.